What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription?

What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription?

• A. To translate mRNA into protein
• B. To replicate DNA
• C. To synthesize RNA from a DNA template
• D. To splice introns from mRNA

Answer: (C)

The role of RNA polymerase in transcription is to synthesize RNA from a DNA template. During the transcription process, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of a gene, unwinds the DNA strands, and synthesizes a strand of RNA by adding RNA nucleotides that are complementary to the DNA template strand. This synthesized RNA strand can then serve various functions in the cell, including as messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis. In the context of the other options, translating mRNA into protein is the function of ribosomes and involves a different process known as translation. Replicating DNA involves a different set of enzymes, including DNA polymerase, not RNA polymerase. Splicing introns from mRNA is carried out by a complex known as the spliceosome and also does not involve RNA polymerase. Thus, the distinct and specific function of RNA polymerase is to synthesize RNA using the DNA template during the transcription phase of gene expression.

The role of RNA polymerase in transcription is to synthesize RNA from a DNA template. During the transcription process, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of a gene, unwinds the DNA strands, and synthesizes a strand of RNA by adding RNA nucleotides that are complementary to the DNA template strand. This synthesized RNA strand can then serve various functions in the cell, including as messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

In the context of the other options, translating mRNA into protein is the function of ribosomes and involves a different process known as translation. Replicating DNA involves a different set of enzymes, including DNA polymerase, not RNA polymerase. Splicing introns from mRNA is carried out by a complex known as the spliceosome and also does not involve RNA polymerase. Thus, the distinct and specific function of RNA polymerase is to synthesize RNA using the DNA template during the transcription phase of gene expression.